Laboratory Calculations Hub

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How to Use This App

Welcome! This app is designed to help you master the essential maths skills needed in the laboratory.

• Select a Topic: Click any tab below to begin.
• Learn the Concept: Each topic opens with a core explanation, key formulas, and a custom diagram to help you visualise the process.
• Study the Examples: Each worked example includes multiple tabs, where different ways to solve the same problem are shown. Some of these may resonate more with you.
• Test Your Understanding: Click the orange button to start a quiz. You have unlimited, adaptive questions.
• Use the Glossary: If you see a term you don't recognise, the Glossary button in the top-right has definitions for key terms.

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Glossary of Key Terms

Absorbance

A measure of the quantity of light that a sample absorbs. It is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing substance in the solution.

Aliquot

A portion of a larger whole, especially a sample of a solution taken for analysis.

Buffer

A solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, which resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Concentration

The amount of a substance (solute) dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution.

Diluent

The liquid (usually water or saline) added to a solution to decrease its concentration.

Dilution Factor

The total number of unit volumes in which the material is dissolved. A 1:100 dilution has a dilution factor of 100.

Molarity (M)

A unit of concentration, defined as the number of moles of a solute per litre of solution (mol/L).

Molecular Weight (MW)

The mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

pKa

A measure of acid strength. It is the pH at which a buffer system is 50% in its acidic form and 50% in its basic (conjugate base) form.

Stock Solution

A concentrated solution that is diluted to a lower concentration for actual use.